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Абало́н (Haliotis) — рід морських їстівних молюсків родини Haliotidae. У нього пласкі овальні мушлі у вигляді спіралі, зовнішній край яких має отвори з блакитнуватою перламутровою внутрішньою частиною. Цей перламутр використовується для викладки орнаментів.
Назва
Опис
Загальна довжина представників роду коливається від 5 до 20см, мають від 3 до 17 см завширшки.
Споживання
Абалонів споживають в їжу у Латинській Америці (особливо Чилі), Франції, Новій Зеландії, Південно-східній Азії та Східній Азії (Китай, В'єтнам, Японія та Корея). М'ясо вважається цінним делікатесом. Незаконний вилов призвів до втрати їх популяції у ПАР.
Марикультура
Абалонів розводять штучно у багатьох країнах. На сьогоднішній день більшість молюсків, що потрапляють на стіл, вирощені на фермах.
Види
Рід містить такі види:
- Reeve, 1846 — the Alfred's abalone — synonym: Haliotis speciosa Reeve, 1846, the splendid abalone
- Linnaeus, 1758 — the ass's ear abalone
- Gmelin, 1791 — the Austral abalone
- Angas, 1869 — Brazier's abalone — synonym: Haliotis melculus, the honey abalone
- Haliotis brazieri f. hargravesi (Cox, 1869) — synonym: Haliotis ethologus, the Mimic abalone, Haliotis hargravesi, the Hargraves's abalone
- Reeve, 1846
- Reeve, 1846 — the reddish-rayed abalone
- Wood, 1828 — the pink abalone
- Leach, 1814 — the black abalone
- Péron, 1816 — the whirling abalone
- Henderson, 1915 — the Dall's abalone
- Haliotis dalli dalli Henderson, 1915
- Haliotis dalli roberti McLean, 1970 — synonym: Haliotis roberti
- Reeve, 1846 — the disk abalone
- Haliotis discus discus Reeve, 1846
- Haliotis discus hannai Ino, 1953
- (Iredale, 1929)
- — the variously coloured abalone — synonym: Haliotis aquatilis, the Japanese abalone
- Haliotis diversicolor diversicolor Reeve, 1846
- Haliotis diversicolor squamata Reeve, 1846 — synonym: Haliotis squamata — the scaly Australian abalone
- — the Taiwan abalone or jiukong
- Owen & Reitz, 2012
- Philippi, 1844
- — the Emma's abalone
- Geiger, 1999
- — the green abalone
- Haliotis fulgens fulgens Philippi, 1845
- Haliotis fulgens guadalupensis Talmadge, 1964
- Haliotis fulgens turveri Bartsch, 1942
- Gmelin, 1791 — the giant abalone, Awabi
- Gmelin, 1791 — the glistening abalone
- Gmelin, 1791 — the blackfoot abalone, rainbow abalone, or Pāua
- Reeve, 1846 — the Jacna abalone
- — the pinto abalone or northern abalone
- Dall, 1878 — synonym: Haliotis assimilis, the threaded abalone
- Haliotis kamtschatkana kamtschatkana Jonas, 1845
- Donovan, 1808 — the Smooth Australian abalone or greenlip abalone
- (Habe, 1977)
- Wood, 1828
- — the Marfalo abalone
- Linnaeus, 1758 — the Midas ear abalone, perlemoen abalone or South African abalone
- Owen, Hanavan & Hall, 2001
- Gmelin, 1791 — the sheep's ear abalone
- Haliotis ovina volcanius Patamakanthin & Eng, 2007
- Haliotis ovina f. patamakanthini Dekker, Regter, & Gras, 2001 — synonym: Haliotis patamakanthini
- Linnaeus, 1758 — the canaliculate abalone
- — the planate abalone
- Dall, 1881 — the Pourtale's abalone
- Simone, 1998
- Dall, 1881
- Gmelin, 1791 — the most beautiful abalone
- Reeve, 1846
- E.A. Smith, 1910 — the Quekett's abalone
- Gray, 1826 — the Roe's abalone
- Reeve, 1846 — synonym: Haliotis howensis, the Lord Howe abalone
- Leach, 1814 — the ruber abalone
- Haliotis rubra conicopora Péron, 1816 — synonym: Haliotis conicopora — the conical pore abalone
- Haliotis rubra rubra Leach, 1814 — synonym: Haliotis ancile the shield abalone
- Swainson, 1822 — the red abalone
- Lamarck, 1822 — synonym: Haliotis multiperforata, the many-holed abalone
- (Leach, 1814) — the staircase abalone or ridged ear abalone
- Haliotis scalaris emmae Reeve, 1846
- Haliotis scalaris scalaris (Leach, 1814)
- Menke, 1843 — the semiplicate abalone
- Batsch, 1940 — the white abalone
- Donovan, 1808 — the Blood-spotted abalone
- Gray, 1826 — the squamose abalone
- Reeve, 1846
- Lischke, 1870
- Dekker & Pakamanthin, 2001
- Linnaeus, 1758 — the green ormer, European edible abalone, tube abalone, or tuberculate ormer — synonyms: , Variable abalone,
- Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve, 1846
- Haliotis tuberculata f. lamellosa Lamarck, 1822
- Haliotis tuberculata fernandesi Owen, Grace, & Afonso
- Haliotis tuberculata marmorata Linnaeus, 1758 — synonyms: Haliotis virginea — the Virgin abalone, Haliotis rosacea, the rosy abalone
- Haliotis tuberculata tuberculata Linnaeus, 1758
- Lamarck, 1822
- Linnaeus, 1758
- Haliotis varia f. dohrniana Dunker, 1863 — synonym: Haliotis dohrniana Dunker, 1863
- Haliotis varia f. planata G.B. Sowerby II, 1882
- Gmelin, 1791
- Haliotis virginea crispata Gould, 1847
- Haliotis virginea huttoni Filhol, 1880
- Haliotis virginea morioria Powell, 1938
- Haliotis virginea stewartae Jones & Owen, 2004
- Haliotis virginea virginea Gmelin, 1791
- Stearns, 1899 — the northern green abalone or flat abalone — synonym: Haliotis fulgens var. walallensis Stearns, 1899
Література
- Wild Culture Club (28 лютого 2016), , архів оригіналу за 30 листопада 2017, процитовано 7 серпня 2016
- Abbott, R. T.; Dance, S. P. (2000). Compendium of Seashells. Odyssey Publishing. с. 19–23. ISBN .
- WoRMS : Haliotis; accessed : 5 October 2010. Marinespecies.org. Архів оригіналу за 23 червня 2013. Процитовано 25 серпня 2012.
- WoRMS (2009). Haliotis alfredensis Bartsch, 1915. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=445301 [ 21 жовтня 2012 у Wayback Machine.] on 2010-09-05
- WoRMS (2010). Haliotis asinina Linnaeus, 1758. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=147456 [ 24 жовтня 2012 у Wayback Machine.] on 2010-09-05
- WoRMS (2009). Haliotis australis Gmelin, 1791. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=445302 [ 17 листопада 2020 у Wayback Machine.] on 2010-110-05
- WoRMS (2009). Haliotis brazieri Angas, 1869. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=445303 [ 21 жовтня 2012 у Wayback Machine.] on 2010-09-05
- WoRMS (2010). Haliotis brazieri f. hargravesi (Cox, 1869). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=445304 [ 5 листопада 2012 у Wayback Machine.] on 2010-09-05
- WoRMS (2010). Haliotis clathrata Reeve, 1846. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=207663 [ 5 листопада 2012 у Wayback Machine.] on 2010-09-05
- WoRMS (2009). Haliotis coccoradiata Reeve, 1846. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=445307 [ 21 жовтня 2012 у Wayback Machine.] on 2010-09-05
- WoRMS (2009). Haliotis corrugata Wood, 1828. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=445308 [ 5 листопада 2012 у Wayback Machine.] on 2010-09-05
- WoRMS (2010). Haliotis cracherodii Leach, 1814. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=405012 [ 4 листопада 2012 у Wayback Machine.] on 2010-09-05
- WoRMS (2009). Haliotis cyclobates Péron, 1816. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=445312 [ 21 жовтня 2012 у Wayback Machine.] on 2010-09-05
- WoRMS (2009). Haliotis dalli Henderson, 1915. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=445313 [ 21 жовтня 2012 у Wayback Machine.] on 2010-09-05
- WoRMS (2010). Haliotis discus Reeve, 1846. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=397082 [ 21 жовтня 2012 у Wayback Machine.] on 2010-09-05
- WoRMS (2010). Haliotis dissona (Iredale, 1929). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=445318 [ 21 жовтня 2012 у Wayback Machine.] on 2010-09-05
- WoRMS (2009). Haliotis ovina f. patamakanthini Dekker, Regter, & Gras, 2001. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=445343 [ 5 листопада 2012 у Wayback Machine.] on 2010-09-05
- WoRMS (2009). Haliotis thailandis Dekker & Pakamanthin, 2001. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=445365 [ 22 жовтня 2012 у Wayback Machine.] on 2010-09-05
- WoRMS (2010). Haliotis tuberculata Linnaeus, 1758. In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2010) World Marine Mollusca database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=140059 [ 4 листопада 2012 у Wayback Machine.] on 2010-09-05
- WoRMS (2009). Haliotis unilateralis Lamarck, 1822. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=207662 [ 22 жовтня 2012 у Wayback Machine.] on 2010-09-05
- WoRMS (2010). Haliotis varia Linnaeus, 1758. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=207654 [ 5 листопада 2012 у Wayback Machine.] on 2010-09-05
- WoRMS (2009). Haliotis walallensis Stearns, 1899. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=445374 [ 22 жовтня 2012 у Wayback Machine.] on 2010-09-05
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Abalon Mushlya abalona Biologichna klasifikaciya Carstvo Tvarini Animalia Tip Molyuski Mollusca Klas Cherevonogi Gastropoda Pidklas Nadryad Ryad Nadrodina Rodina Haliotidae Rafinesque 1815 Rid Haliotis Linnaeus 1758 Posilannya Vikishovishe Haliotis Vikividi Haliotis EOL 32566 ITIS 69493 NCBI 6452 Fossilworks 8845 Abalo n Haliotis rid morskih yistivnih molyuskiv rodini Haliotidae U nogo plaski ovalni mushli u viglyadi spirali zovnishnij kraj yakih maye otvori z blakitnuvatoyu perlamutrovoyu vnutrishnoyu chastinoyu Cej perlamutr vikoristovuyetsya dlya vikladki ornamentiv NazvaAbalon angl Abalone Avabi yap 鰒 Galiotis lat Haliotis Morske vushko angl Sea ears Ferma po viroshuvannyu abalonivOpisZagalna dovzhina predstavnikiv rodu kolivayetsya vid 5 do 20sm mayut vid 3 do 17 sm zavshirshki SpozhivannyaAbaloniv spozhivayut v yizhu u Latinskij Americi osoblivo Chili Franciyi Novij Zelandiyi Pivdenno shidnij Aziyi ta Shidnij Aziyi Kitaj V yetnam Yaponiya ta Koreya M yaso vvazhayetsya cinnim delikatesom Nezakonnij vilov prizviv do vtrati yih populyaciyi u PAR MarikulturaAbaloniv rozvodyat shtuchno u bagatoh krayinah Na sogodnishnij den bilshist molyuskiv sho potraplyayut na stil virosheni na fermah Vidi vid zi spini Abalon rozhevij Abalon chornij vid zi spini Abalon bilij Cherepashka Rid mistit taki vidi Reeve 1846 the Alfred s abalone synonym Haliotis speciosa Reeve 1846 the splendid abalone Linnaeus 1758 the ass s ear abalone Gmelin 1791 the Austral abalone Angas 1869 Brazier s abalone synonym Haliotis melculus the honey abalone Haliotis brazieri f hargravesi Cox 1869 synonym Haliotis ethologus the Mimic abalone Haliotis hargravesi the Hargraves s abalone Reeve 1846 Reeve 1846 the reddish rayed abalone Wood 1828 the pink abalone Leach 1814 the black abalone Peron 1816 the whirling abalone Henderson 1915 the Dall s abalone Haliotis dalli dalli Henderson 1915 Haliotis dalli roberti McLean 1970 synonym Haliotis roberti Reeve 1846 the disk abalone Haliotis discus discus Reeve 1846 Haliotis discus hannai Ino 1953 Iredale 1929 the variously coloured abalone synonym Haliotis aquatilis the Japanese abalone Haliotis diversicolor diversicolor Reeve 1846 Haliotis diversicolor squamata Reeve 1846 synonym Haliotis squamata the scaly Australian abalone the Taiwan abalone or jiukong Owen amp Reitz 2012 Philippi 1844 the Emma s abalone Geiger 1999 the green abalone Haliotis fulgens fulgens Philippi 1845 Haliotis fulgens guadalupensis Talmadge 1964 Haliotis fulgens turveri Bartsch 1942 Gmelin 1791 the giant abalone Awabi Gmelin 1791 the glistening abalone Gmelin 1791 the blackfoot abalone rainbow abalone or Paua Reeve 1846 the Jacna abalone the pinto abalone or northern abalone Dall 1878 synonym Haliotis assimilis the threaded abalone Haliotis kamtschatkana kamtschatkana Jonas 1845 Donovan 1808 the Smooth Australian abalone or greenlip abalone Habe 1977 Wood 1828 the Marfalo abalone Linnaeus 1758 the Midas ear abalone perlemoen abalone or South African abalone Owen Hanavan amp Hall 2001 Gmelin 1791 the sheep s ear abalone Haliotis ovina volcanius Patamakanthin amp Eng 2007 Haliotis ovina f patamakanthini Dekker Regter amp Gras 2001 synonym Haliotis patamakanthini Linnaeus 1758 the canaliculate abalone the planate abalone Dall 1881 the Pourtale s abalone Simone 1998 Dall 1881 Gmelin 1791 the most beautiful abalone Reeve 1846 E A Smith 1910 the Quekett s abalone Gray 1826 the Roe s abalone Reeve 1846 synonym Haliotis howensis the Lord Howe abalone Leach 1814 the ruber abalone Haliotis rubra conicopora Peron 1816 synonym Haliotis conicopora the conical pore abalone Haliotis rubra rubra Leach 1814 synonym Haliotis ancile the shield abalone Swainson 1822 the red abalone Lamarck 1822 synonym Haliotis multiperforata the many holed abalone Leach 1814 the staircase abalone or ridged ear abalone Haliotis scalaris emmae Reeve 1846 Haliotis scalaris scalaris Leach 1814 Menke 1843 the semiplicate abalone Batsch 1940 the white abalone Donovan 1808 the Blood spotted abalone Gray 1826 the squamose abalone Reeve 1846 Lischke 1870 Dekker amp Pakamanthin 2001 Linnaeus 1758 the green ormer European edible abalone tube abalone or tuberculate ormer synonyms Variable abalone Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve 1846 Haliotis tuberculata f lamellosa Lamarck 1822 Haliotis tuberculata fernandesi Owen Grace amp Afonso Haliotis tuberculata marmorata Linnaeus 1758 synonyms Haliotis virginea the Virgin abalone Haliotis rosacea the rosy abalone Haliotis tuberculata tuberculata Linnaeus 1758 Lamarck 1822 Linnaeus 1758 Haliotis varia f dohrniana Dunker 1863 synonym Haliotis dohrniana Dunker 1863 Haliotis varia f planata G B Sowerby II 1882 Gmelin 1791 Haliotis virginea crispata Gould 1847 Haliotis virginea huttoni Filhol 1880 Haliotis virginea morioria Powell 1938 Haliotis virginea stewartae Jones amp Owen 2004 Haliotis virginea virginea Gmelin 1791 Stearns 1899 the northern green abalone or flat abalone synonym Haliotis fulgens var walallensis Stearns 1899LiteraturaWild Culture Club 28 lyutogo 2016 arhiv originalu za 30 listopada 2017 procitovano 7 serpnya 2016 Abbott R T Dance S P 2000 Compendium of Seashells Odyssey Publishing s 19 23 ISBN 978 0966172003 WoRMS Haliotis accessed 5 October 2010 Marinespecies org Arhiv originalu za 23 chervnya 2013 Procitovano 25 serpnya 2012 WoRMS 2009 Haliotis alfredensis Bartsch 1915 Accessed through World Register of Marine Species at http www marinespecies org aphia php p taxdetails amp id 445301 21 zhovtnya 2012 u Wayback Machine on 2010 09 05 WoRMS 2010 Haliotis asinina Linnaeus 1758 Accessed through World Register of Marine Species at http www marinespecies org aphia php p taxdetails amp id 147456 24 zhovtnya 2012 u Wayback Machine on 2010 09 05 WoRMS 2009 Haliotis australis Gmelin 1791 Accessed through World Register of Marine Species at http www marinespecies org aphia php p taxdetails amp id 445302 17 listopada 2020 u Wayback Machine on 2010 110 05 WoRMS 2009 Haliotis brazieri Angas 1869 Accessed through World Register of Marine Species at http www marinespecies org aphia php p taxdetails amp id 445303 21 zhovtnya 2012 u Wayback Machine on 2010 09 05 WoRMS 2010 Haliotis brazieri f hargravesi Cox 1869 Accessed through World Register of Marine Species at http www marinespecies org aphia php p taxdetails amp id 445304 5 listopada 2012 u Wayback Machine on 2010 09 05 WoRMS 2010 Haliotis clathrata Reeve 1846 Accessed through World Register of Marine Species at http www marinespecies org aphia php p taxdetails amp id 207663 5 listopada 2012 u Wayback Machine on 2010 09 05 WoRMS 2009 Haliotis coccoradiata Reeve 1846 Accessed through World Register of Marine Species at http www marinespecies org aphia php p taxdetails amp id 445307 21 zhovtnya 2012 u Wayback Machine on 2010 09 05 WoRMS 2009 Haliotis corrugata Wood 1828 Accessed through World Register of Marine Species at http www marinespecies org aphia php p taxdetails amp id 445308 5 listopada 2012 u Wayback Machine on 2010 09 05 WoRMS 2010 Haliotis cracherodii Leach 1814 Accessed through World Register of Marine Species at http www marinespecies org aphia php p taxdetails amp id 405012 4 listopada 2012 u Wayback Machine on 2010 09 05 WoRMS 2009 Haliotis cyclobates Peron 1816 Accessed through World Register of Marine Species at http www marinespecies org aphia php p taxdetails amp id 445312 21 zhovtnya 2012 u Wayback Machine on 2010 09 05 WoRMS 2009 Haliotis dalli Henderson 1915 Accessed through World Register of Marine Species at http www marinespecies org aphia php p taxdetails amp id 445313 21 zhovtnya 2012 u Wayback Machine on 2010 09 05 WoRMS 2010 Haliotis discus Reeve 1846 Accessed through World Register of Marine Species at http www marinespecies org aphia php p taxdetails amp id 397082 21 zhovtnya 2012 u Wayback Machine on 2010 09 05 WoRMS 2010 Haliotis dissona Iredale 1929 Accessed through World Register of Marine Species at http www marinespecies org aphia php p taxdetails amp id 445318 21 zhovtnya 2012 u Wayback Machine on 2010 09 05 WoRMS 2009 Haliotis ovina f patamakanthini Dekker Regter amp Gras 2001 Accessed through World Register of Marine Species at http www marinespecies org aphia php p taxdetails amp id 445343 5 listopada 2012 u Wayback Machine on 2010 09 05 WoRMS 2009 Haliotis thailandis Dekker amp Pakamanthin 2001 Accessed through World Register of Marine Species at http www marinespecies org aphia php p taxdetails amp id 445365 22 zhovtnya 2012 u Wayback Machine on 2010 09 05 WoRMS 2010 Haliotis tuberculata Linnaeus 1758 In Bouchet P Gofas S Rosenberg G 2010 World Marine Mollusca database Accessed through World Register of Marine Species at http www marinespecies org aphia php p taxdetails amp id 140059 4 listopada 2012 u Wayback Machine on 2010 09 05 WoRMS 2009 Haliotis unilateralis Lamarck 1822 Accessed through World Register of Marine Species at http www marinespecies org aphia php p taxdetails amp id 207662 22 zhovtnya 2012 u Wayback Machine on 2010 09 05 WoRMS 2010 Haliotis varia Linnaeus 1758 Accessed through World Register of Marine Species at http www marinespecies org aphia php p taxdetails amp id 207654 5 listopada 2012 u Wayback Machine on 2010 09 05 WoRMS 2009 Haliotis walallensis Stearns 1899 Accessed through World Register of Marine Species at http www marinespecies org aphia php p taxdetails amp id 445374 22 zhovtnya 2012 u Wayback Machine on 2010 09 05 Ce nezavershena stattya z malakologiyi Vi mozhete dopomogti proyektu vipravivshi abo dopisavshi yiyi