Карамельна тростина — цукерка у формі тростини, часто асоційована з Різдвом і Днем Святого Миколая. Традиційно є білою з червоними смужками та зазвичай приправлена перцевою м’ятою, можуть мати різні смаки та кольори.
Традиційна карамельна тростина | |
Тип | Солодощі |
---|---|
Походження | Німеччина |
Необхідні компоненти | Цукор |
Зазвичай використовувані компоненти | Перцева м'ята |
|
Історія
У записах про покази-змагання солодощів 1837 року згадується "паличка-льодяник" (англ. stick candy). Рецепт прямих м'ятних карамельних паличок, білих із кольоровими смугами, був опублікований у The Complete Confectioner, Pastry-Cook, and Baker у 1844 році. Найперша задокументована згадка про «карамельну тростину» міститься в оповіданні «Tom Luther's Stockings», опублікованому в Ballou's Monthly Magazine у 1866 році, однак без жодної згадки про колір або смак. Щомісячник The Nursery згадує «карамельні тростини» у зв’язку з Різдвом у 1874 році, а журнал Babyland описує «довгі, кручені карамельні тростини», що вивішували на різдвяну ялинку в 1882 році.
Фольклор
Поширена фольклорна історія про походження карамельних тростин розповідає, що в 1670 році в Кельні, Німеччина, хормейстер Кельнського собору, бажаючи заспокоїти дітей, що галасували в церкві під час традиційного різдвяного вертепу на Святвечір, попросив для них "цукрових паличок" у місцевого цукерника. Аби виправдати роздачу цукерок дітям під час богослужіння, він попросив цукерника додати на верхівку кожної палички вигин, який би допоміг дітям запам'ятати пастухів, які відвідували Божественне Немовля. На додаток, він використовував білий колір тростинок, аби навчати дітей християнської віри в безгрішне життя Ісуса. З Німеччини льодяники поширилися в інші частини Європи, де їх роздавали під час вертепних вистав, що відтворювали Різдво Христове. Карамельна тростина стала асоціюватися з Різдвом.
Виробництво
Як і інші форми цукерок, перші тростинки виготовлялися ручним способом. На початку 1920-х чиказькі цукерники Bunte Brothers подали один із найперших патентів на машини для виготовлення карамельних тростинок.
У 1919 році в Олбані, штат Джорджія, Роберт МакКормак почав виготовляти цукерки для місцевих дітей і до середини століття його компанія (первісно Famous Candy Company, потім Mills-McCormack Candy Company, а пізніше Bobs Candies) стала одним з провідних світових виробників карамельних тростин. Виробництво тростинок спочатку вимагало значних трудовитрат, що обмежувало обсяги виробництва; тростини доводилося згинати вручну, коли вони сходили з конвеєра, внаслідок чого відсоток розламування сягав понад 20 відсотків. Зять МакКормака, Ґреґорі Хардінґ Келлер, бувши студентом семінарії в Римі, проводив літо, працюючи на цукерковій фабриці вдома. У 1957 році Келлер, висвячений у стан римо-католицького священника єпархії Літл-Рок, запатентував свій винахід ― машину Келлера, яка автоматизувала процес скручування м'яких цукерок у спіральні смужки та розрізання їх на точні за довжиною карамельні тростинки.
Використання до Дня святого Миколая
Під час святкувань Дня святого Миколая, карамельні тростини дарують дітям, оскільки ті, за повір'ям, символізують патерицю Християнського єпископа, Святого Миколая. Патериця також натякає на образ Доброго Пастиря, іменування, іноді вживане щодо Ісуса Христа.
Примітки
- Hartel, Richard W.; Hartel, AnnaKate (2014). Candy Bites: The Science of Sweets. New York: Springer. с. 53. ISBN .
The candy cane is said to have its origins at Christmas time in Germany circa 1670. A church choirmaster in Cologne gave sticks of hard candy with a crook at the end to the children in his choir to keep them quiet during long Christmas services.
- American Christmas Tree Journal. National Christmas Tree Association. 2005. с. 40 — через Google Books.
St. Nicholas Day is celebrated on the anniversary of his death in 343 A.D. The candy cane is said to represent the crozier, or bishop's staff, of St. Nicholas.
- First Exhibition and Fair of the Massachusetts Charitable Mechanic Association, at Faneuil and Quincy Halls, in the City of Boston, September 18, 1837. Boston: Dutton and Wentworth, for the association. 1837. с. 25.
- Parkinson, Eleanor (1844). The Complete Confectioner, Pastry-Cook, and Baker. Philadelphia: Lea and Blanchard.
- Bates, M. A. (January–June 1866). Tom Luther's Stockings. Ballou's Monthly Magazine. Т. 23. с. 236—238 — через Google Books.
- Benny's Letter. The Nursery. Т. 15. 1874. с. 18 — через Google Books.
- Round the Christ-mas Tree. Babyland. Т. 6, № 1. January 1882. с. 8 — через Google Books.
- Parker, Rick (2003). Introduction to Food Science. Albany, New York: Delmar/Thomson Learning. ISBN .
In 1670, the choirmaster at the Cologne Cathedral gave sugar sticks to his young singers to keep them quiet during the long Living Crèche ceremony. In honor of the occasion, he had the candies bent into the shepherd's crooks. In 1847, a German-Swedish immigrant named August Imgard of Wooster, Ohio decorated a small pine tree with paper ornaments and candy canes.
- Haidle, Helen (2007). Christmas Legends to Remember. Colorado Springs, Colorado: Honor Books. ISBN .
Around 1670, a choirmaster of a cathedral in Cologne, Germany, handed out sugar sticks to his young singers. At Christmas, in honor of the birth of Jesus, the choirmaster bent the sugar sticks at one end, forming the shape of a shepherd's crook. These white candy canes helped keep the children quiet during the long Christmas Eve Nativity service. From Germany, the use of candy shepherds' staffs spread across Europe, where plays of the Christmas Nativity were accompanied by gifts of the sweet "shepherds' crooks."
- Collins, Ace (2003). Stories Behind the Great Traditions of Christmas. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Zondervan. ISBN .
Church history records that in 1670 the choirmaster at Germany's Cologne Cathedral was faced with a problem that still challenges parents, teachers, and choir In ancient Cologne, as well as in thousands of churches today, the children in the choir often grew restless and noisy during the long services. He sought out a local candy maker, and after looking over the treats in his shop, the music leader paused in front of some white sweet sticks. Yet the choirmaster wondered if the priests and parents would allow him to give the children in his choir candy to eat during a church service. The choirmaster asked the candy maker if he could bend the sticks and make a crook at the top of each one. The candy would not be just a treat; it would be a teaching tool. The choirmaster decided that the candy's pure white color would represent the purity of Christ. The crook would serve as a way for the children to remember the story of the shepherds who came to visit the baby Jesus. The shepherds carried staffs or canes, and with the hook at the top of the stick, the candy now looked like a cane.
- It's Christmas Season: My, How Sweet It Is!. The Milwaukee Journal. 13 грудня 1968.
In 1670, a choirmaster at Germany's Cologne cathedral bent the ends of some sugar sticks to represent shepherds' crooks, and distributed them to youngsters. The practice spread.
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: Обслуговування CS1: Сторінки з параметром url-status, але без параметра archive-url () - [Patent US1680440 – Candy-Forming Machine]. Google Patents. Процитовано 19 лютого 2022.
- [Patent US2956520A – Candy Cane Forming Machine]. Google Patents. Процитовано 12 грудня 2022.
- American Christmas Tree Journal. National Christmas Tree Association. 2005. с. 40 — через Google Books.
St. Nicholas Day is celebrated on the anniversary of his death in 343 A.D. The candy cane is said to represent the crozier, or bishop's staff, of St. Nicholas.
- Karambai, Sebastian S. (2005). Ministers and Ministries in the Local Church: A Comprehensive Guide to Ecclesiastical Norms. Mumbai: St Pauls. с. 41. ISBN — через Google Books.
The crosier (pastoral staff) is the symbol of the office of the Good Shepherd, who watches over and leads with care the flock entrusted to him by the Holy Spirit.
- Webb, Val (2010). Stepping Out with the Sacred: Human Attempts to Engage the Divine. London: Continuum. с. 79. ISBN — через Google Books.
The image of Jesus as the good shepherd spoke volumes to the early Church as a metaphor for Divine care such that bishops, in time, carried a shepherd's crook (crosier) with its hooked end to symbolize “pastoral” care (pastoral meaning “of or relating to shepherds or herders”)— interestingly, the hook on some crosiers ends in a snake's head.
Посилання
- St. Nicholas Day Blessing of Candy Canes
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Karamelna trostina cukerka u formi trostini chasto asocijovana z Rizdvom i Dnem Svyatogo Mikolaya Tradicijno ye biloyu z chervonimi smuzhkami ta zazvichaj pripravlena percevoyu m yatoyu mozhut mati rizni smaki ta kolori Karamelna trostinaTradicijna karamelna trostinaTipSolodoshiPohodzhennyaNimechchinaNeobhidni komponentiCukorZazvichaj vikoristovuvani komponentiPerceva m yata Mediafajli u VikishovishiIstoriyaU zapisah pro pokazi zmagannya solodoshiv 1837 roku zgaduyetsya palichka lodyanik angl stick candy Recept pryamih m yatnih karamelnih palichok bilih iz kolorovimi smugami buv opublikovanij u The Complete Confectioner Pastry Cook and Baker u 1844 roci Najpersha zadokumentovana zgadka pro karamelnu trostinu mistitsya v opovidanni Tom Luther s Stockings opublikovanomu v Ballou s Monthly Magazine u 1866 roci odnak bez zhodnoyi zgadki pro kolir abo smak Shomisyachnik The Nursery zgaduye karamelni trostini u zv yazku z Rizdvom u 1874 roci a zhurnal Babyland opisuye dovgi krucheni karamelni trostini sho vivishuvali na rizdvyanu yalinku v 1882 roci Folklor Zobrazhennya karamelnih trostin na rizdvyanij listivci pochatku 1900 h rokiv Poshirena folklorna istoriya pro pohodzhennya karamelnih trostin rozpovidaye sho v 1670 roci v Kelni Nimechchina hormejster Kelnskogo soboru bazhayuchi zaspokoyiti ditej sho galasuvali v cerkvi pid chas tradicijnogo rizdvyanogo vertepu na Svyatvechir poprosiv dlya nih cukrovih palichok u miscevogo cukernika Abi vipravdati rozdachu cukerok dityam pid chas bogosluzhinnya vin poprosiv cukernika dodati na verhivku kozhnoyi palichki vigin yakij bi dopomig dityam zapam yatati pastuhiv yaki vidviduvali Bozhestvenne Nemovlya Na dodatok vin vikoristovuvav bilij kolir trostinok abi navchati ditej hristiyanskoyi viri v bezgrishne zhittya Isusa Z Nimechchini lodyaniki poshirilisya v inshi chastini Yevropi de yih rozdavali pid chas vertepnih vistav sho vidtvoryuvali Rizdvo Hristove Karamelna trostina stala asociyuvatisya z Rizdvom Virobnictvo Vigotovlennya karamelnih trostin ruchnim sposobom z velikoyi masi chervonogo ta bilogo cukrovogo siropu Yak i inshi formi cukerok pershi trostinki vigotovlyalisya ruchnim sposobom Na pochatku 1920 h chikazki cukerniki Bunte Brothers podali odin iz najpershih patentiv na mashini dlya vigotovlennya karamelnih trostinok U 1919 roci v Olbani shtat Dzhordzhiya Robert MakKormak pochav vigotovlyati cukerki dlya miscevih ditej i do seredini stolittya jogo kompaniya pervisno Famous Candy Company potim Mills McCormack Candy Company a piznishe Bobs Candies stala odnim z providnih svitovih virobnikiv karamelnih trostin Virobnictvo trostinok spochatku vimagalo znachnih trudovitrat sho obmezhuvalo obsyagi virobnictva trostini dovodilosya zginati vruchnu koli voni shodili z konveyera vnaslidok chogo vidsotok rozlamuvannya syagav ponad 20 vidsotkiv Zyat MakKormaka Gregori Harding Keller buvshi studentom seminariyi v Rimi provodiv lito pracyuyuchi na cukerkovij fabrici vdoma U 1957 roci Keller visvyachenij u stan rimo katolickogo svyashennika yeparhiyi Litl Rok zapatentuvav svij vinahid mashinu Kellera yaka avtomatizuvala proces skruchuvannya m yakih cukerok u spiralni smuzhki ta rozrizannya yih na tochni za dovzhinoyu karamelni trostinki Vikoristannya do Dnya svyatogo Mikolaya Pid chas svyatkuvan Dnya svyatogo Mikolaya karamelni trostini daruyut dityam oskilki ti za povir yam simvolizuyut patericyu Hristiyanskogo yepiskopa Svyatogo Mikolaya Patericya takozh natyakaye na obraz Dobrogo Pastirya imenuvannya inodi vzhivane shodo Isusa Hrista PrimitkiHartel Richard W Hartel AnnaKate 2014 Candy Bites The Science of Sweets New York Springer s 53 ISBN 978 1 4614 9383 9 The candy cane is said to have its origins at Christmas time in Germany circa 1670 A church choirmaster in Cologne gave sticks of hard candy with a crook at the end to the children in his choir to keep them quiet during long Christmas services American Christmas Tree Journal National Christmas Tree Association 2005 s 40 cherez Google Books St Nicholas Day is celebrated on the anniversary of his death in 343 A D The candy cane is said to represent the crozier or bishop s staff of St Nicholas First Exhibition and Fair of the Massachusetts Charitable Mechanic Association at Faneuil and Quincy Halls in the City of Boston September 18 1837 Boston Dutton and Wentworth for the association 1837 s 25 Parkinson Eleanor 1844 The Complete Confectioner Pastry Cook and Baker Philadelphia Lea and Blanchard Bates M A January June 1866 Tom Luther s Stockings Ballou s Monthly Magazine T 23 s 236 238 cherez Google Books Benny s Letter The Nursery T 15 1874 s 18 cherez Google Books Round the Christ mas Tree Babyland T 6 1 January 1882 s 8 cherez Google Books Parker Rick 2003 Introduction to Food Science Albany New York Delmar Thomson Learning ISBN 0 7668 1314 2 In 1670 the choirmaster at the Cologne Cathedral gave sugar sticks to his young singers to keep them quiet during the long Living Creche ceremony In honor of the occasion he had the candies bent into the shepherd s crooks In 1847 a German Swedish immigrant named August Imgard of Wooster Ohio decorated a small pine tree with paper ornaments and candy canes Haidle Helen 2007 Christmas Legends to Remember Colorado Springs Colorado Honor Books ISBN 978 1 56292 534 5 Around 1670 a choirmaster of a cathedral in Cologne Germany handed out sugar sticks to his young singers At Christmas in honor of the birth of Jesus the choirmaster bent the sugar sticks at one end forming the shape of a shepherd s crook These white candy canes helped keep the children quiet during the long Christmas Eve Nativity service From Germany the use of candy shepherds staffs spread across Europe where plays of the Christmas Nativity were accompanied by gifts of the sweet shepherds crooks Collins Ace 2003 Stories Behind the Great Traditions of Christmas Grand Rapids Michigan Zondervan ISBN 0 310 24880 9 Church history records that in 1670 the choirmaster at Germany s Cologne Cathedral was faced with a problem that still challenges parents teachers and choir In ancient Cologne as well as in thousands of churches today the children in the choir often grew restless and noisy during the long services He sought out a local candy maker and after looking over the treats in his shop the music leader paused in front of some white sweet sticks Yet the choirmaster wondered if the priests and parents would allow him to give the children in his choir candy to eat during a church service The choirmaster asked the candy maker if he could bend the sticks and make a crook at the top of each one The candy would not be just a treat it would be a teaching tool The choirmaster decided that the candy s pure white color would represent the purity of Christ The crook would serve as a way for the children to remember the story of the shepherds who came to visit the baby Jesus The shepherds carried staffs or canes and with the hook at the top of the stick the candy now looked like a cane It s Christmas Season My How Sweet It Is The Milwaukee Journal 13 grudnya 1968 In 1670 a choirmaster at Germany s Cologne cathedral bent the ends of some sugar sticks to represent shepherds crooks and distributed them to youngsters The practice spread a href wiki D0 A8 D0 B0 D0 B1 D0 BB D0 BE D0 BD Cite news title Shablon Cite news cite news a Obslugovuvannya CS1 Storinki z parametrom url status ale bez parametra archive url posilannya Patent US1680440 Candy Forming Machine Google Patents Procitovano 19 lyutogo 2022 Patent US2956520A Candy Cane Forming Machine Google Patents Procitovano 12 grudnya 2022 American Christmas Tree Journal National Christmas Tree Association 2005 s 40 cherez Google Books St Nicholas Day is celebrated on the anniversary of his death in 343 A D The candy cane is said to represent the crozier or bishop s staff of St Nicholas Karambai Sebastian S 2005 Ministers and Ministries in the Local Church A Comprehensive Guide to Ecclesiastical Norms Mumbai St Pauls s 41 ISBN 81 7109 725 1 cherez Google Books The crosier pastoral staff is the symbol of the office of the Good Shepherd who watches over and leads with care the flock entrusted to him by the Holy Spirit Webb Val 2010 Stepping Out with the Sacred Human Attempts to Engage the Divine London Continuum s 79 ISBN 978 1 4411 9642 2 cherez Google Books The image of Jesus as the good shepherd spoke volumes to the early Church as a metaphor for Divine care such that bishops in time carried a shepherd s crook crosier with its hooked end to symbolize pastoral care pastoral meaning of or relating to shepherds or herders interestingly the hook on some crosiers ends in a snake s head PosilannyaSt Nicholas Day Blessing of Candy Canes